Here is my set up. This one is pricey initially, but checks all your requirements: Breville InFizz Fusion - mechanical (no need for batteries and has no wires), sturdy and designed to carbonate any liquid, not just water (the taste in this case is significantly better than just adding carbonated water into the drink). The CO2 tanks are compatible with old sodastream, which has multiple generic alternatives.

I also got myself a 10lbs CO2 cylinder and refill adapter woth hose on amazon, so I am refilling smaller tanks myself from it and refill the large tank once every 1-2 years in local welding supply store for $40.

I do recommend to have around 4-5 small tanks and 2 extra bottles for different sodas.

Hi!

Just recently was setting up my whole family with ebooks. Ended up with Kobo Libra Colour for myself and Kindle Oasis (jailbreaked) for family.

I am quite happy with both readers. Kindle would be a bit better in quality, but Kobo is color and non-amazon. Both of them have physical side buttons, which were my main requirement.

I store all my books in calibre and uploading it via USB on my kobo reader. It makes it much easier to manage and confirm metadata. I didn’t bother with readarr, as I already has a decent collection that still need to finish.

For family - they were already familiar with Kindle, so I got them Oasises from ebay, jailbroke them to prevent Amazon from messing up with them and just send all necessary book to their readers wirelessly via Send to Kindle.

You are welcome. I liked the book and it has relatively recent info. Combining it with Obesity Pillars articles, you can get a very good understanding of modern views on pathophysiology of obesity.

Pathophysiology and risk factors are actually a pretty much half of the curriculum for a separate medical specialty. Here are some resources for a different depth levels of this rabbit hole:

Basic level: https://www.cdc.gov/obesity/risk-factors/risk-factors.html

Moderate to deep:

• Obesity Pillars journal (open access) https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/obesity-pillars

• decent book: Handbook of Obesity 4th edition Vol 1 by George A. Bray and Claude Bouchar, available free on Anna’s Archive or can be bought on Amazon

Too deep (mostly for medical professionals) and more expensive: Course of lectures at Columbia university: https://www.ihn.cuimc.columbia.edu/education/continuing-medical-education-cme/columbia-cornell-obesity-medicine

T1D who don’t take their insulin won’t gain weight because of vomiting and dying from diabetic ketoacidosis. Sorry, but is is a horrible example and whoever has DM type 1, please take your insulin. People are really dying from DKA and while it is hard to prevent some factors triggering DKA, compliance with insulin is definitely within our control.

Insulin (and to be more precise it’s baseline level and spikes) is one of the obesitygenic factors. But there are much more other factors there too, and reducing such complex multifactorial disease as obesity to insulin only is incorrect.

Otherwise good paper and thank you for adding full article!

Overweight and obesity are extremely complex disorders, that combines genetic predisposition, changes in hormonal levels and horrible obesogenic environment that we have nowadays. There is no simple answer on how to lose weight as it depends on multiple factors too - your home and work environment, availability of stores with fresh products, your medical history, your goals in general. What is working well for one person, may not be ideal for others or even sometimes dangerous (depends on other comorbidities).

Most important part is not just to lose weight, but do it safely and maintain the weight loss. For that you need a whole lifestyle change, that is why it is so hard for many people. The major rule is: permanent dietary changes needed for a weight loss and regular exercises needed for maintaining the result.

My advise (if you are in the US) - find an obesity clinic with obesity board-certified physician, discuss all your concerns and develop a plan what will work specifically for you. It is pretty well covered by insurances and you will always have a specialist who can answer your questions and help to overcome any barriers in the future.

And remember we all are just internet strangers, take all our advices with healthy skepticism.

Let me summarize some correct facts prior to answering your question:

• Vitamin D is indeed lipid-soluble vitamin, therefore it is only comes in capsules with oil or in liposomal form.
• Absorption under the tongue (sublingual absorption) is amazing for water-soluble medications, however works for lipids in lipisomal forms too.
• Any fat soluble vitamin can cause overdose in large quantities (unlike water-soluble), however therapeutic window for vitamins usually is pretty large. Therapeutic window is the dose range that can be safely taken without significant risk of overdose. Specifically for vitamin D, your recommended daily dose varies between 1000U and 5000U (depends on the season, place of living and your ethnicity). For severe deficiency we can prescribe 50000U weekly for a couple months. To overdose you need to take much more - more than 10000U daily for a few weeks.

Now to direct answer to your question - you are not missing a lot:

1. Yes with no optimal sublingual administration, absorption could differ. Bu it is not a chemotherapy, it is vitamin D - difference in health benefits if absorption dosages slightly inconsistent is minimal.
2. Whatever was not absorbed sublingually will be absorbed later in your GI tract.

Basically, don’t overthink it. And try not to ask health advice from internet strangers, better talk with your primary doctor if you have any concerns.