Lately we’ve seen the EU do several amazing things to make platforms more open and user respecting by forcing:
- Microsoft to allow uninstallation of some of their apps
- Apple to allow browsers based on engines other than WebKit on iOS
- Apple to allow third-party app stores
- messaging apps to be able to interoperate
- etc.
I haven’t delved really deeply, so maybe I misunderstood some details, but I have a question that I don’t seem to find answers for anywhere: what makes certain platforms different from the others in so that, if they function in certain ways that make them depend on the vendor for certain functionality, they can be regulated into opening up more?
What I notice as the common denominator is that maybe external parties are involved or user decision is being restricted, but I wonder if, for example, iOS had its store only host Apple-made apps making it a completely closed platform, would they be safe from regulation that forces them to change operation? If not, what makes it different from, say, a router with a proprietary OS that can in no way be changed, or any other appliance that hosts its own software and nothing else?
Apple, Microsoft … are so called “Gatekeeper” they are at such a certain size, that if they go full ANTI consumer, or literally ban everyone else than themselves of their platform. It could lead to a monopoly or other worse case scenarios.
Its especially Apple, because its commonly known to restrict, force you into their eco-system, did multiple EEE attacks on some messaging apps, made some experience with third party apps/hardware unbearable worse. ( Its not just them, but everyone named in the Gatekeeper document by the EU )
In your example, a router, is just “a” router doesnt need to be a apple router, you can decide. It would be a different case if 1 router brand would dominate 50%+ of the router market and dictate what it costs, what the ui is etc…
In the end if a small company does something closed of thing, no one cares about it, because there are 1000000 alternatives, but if you are on apple or microsoft there arent anymore 100 alternatives rather just 2 or 3 ( but those do the same things ).
The Digital Markets Act (DMA) establishes a set of clearly defined objective criteria to identify “gatekeepers”. Gatekeepers are large digital platforms providing so called core platform services, such as for example online search engines, app stores, messenger services.